[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/je-gramotnost-pro-bezneho-cloveka-dulezita\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/je-gramotnost-pro-bezneho-cloveka-dulezita\/","headline":"Je gramotnost pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?","name":"Je gramotnost pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?","description":"Dnes jsme si zvykli na to, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk um\u00ed \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t. Je to koneckonc\u016f i d\u00e1no z\u00e1konem, kter\u00fd p\u0159ikazuje vyj\u00edt minim\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu \u2013 a tato dovednost se u\u010d\u00ed u\u017e v\u00a0prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. Ani n\u00e1s pak nenapadne, \u017ee by to mohlo b\u00fdt jinak. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee celospole\u010densk\u00e1 gramotnost je, historicky vzato, […]","datePublished":"2023-11-08","dateModified":"2023-11-08","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f677d652d46d6437b40497bee38030612d53a3103b24904f519be33cae485306?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f677d652d46d6437b40497bee38030612d53a3103b24904f519be33cae485306?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"kalf.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/skola3_10_8.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/skola3_10_8.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/je-gramotnost-pro-bezneho-cloveka-dulezita\/","about":["Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed"],"wordCount":426,"articleBody":"Dnes jsme si zvykli na to, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk um\u00ed \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t. Je to koneckonc\u016f i d\u00e1no z\u00e1konem, kter\u00fd p\u0159ikazuje vyj\u00edt minim\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu \u2013 a tato dovednost se u\u010d\u00ed u\u017e v\u00a0prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. Ani n\u00e1s pak nenapadne, \u017ee by to mohlo b\u00fdt jinak. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee celospole\u010densk\u00e1 gramotnost je, historicky vzato, n\u011b\u010d\u00edm \u00fapln\u011b nov\u00fdm. V\u00a0podstat\u011b je zde teprve od dob Marie Terezie, tedy necel\u00fdch 200 let. Jak tomu ale bylo d\u0159\u00edve?\u00a0V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b um\u011blo \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t pouze minimum lid\u00ed. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed toti\u017e nebylo zadarmo, a jen m\u00e1lokdo si mohl dovolit poslat d\u011bti do \u0161koly. Proto byla tato dovednost vyhrazena v\u00a0podstat\u011b pouze n\u011bkter\u00fdm aristokrat\u016fm (a ani zde ne v\u0161em, nebo\u0165 mnoz\u00ed to nepova\u017eovali za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9) a klerik\u016fm. Co ale d\u011blali ostatn\u00ed lid\u00e9, kdy\u017e neum\u011bli \u010d\u00edst?\u00a0\u00a0Dnes si to nejsp\u00ed\u0161 nedovedeme p\u0159edstavit, av\u0161ak tehdy nebylo ani zdaleka tolik psan\u00e9ho slova jako dnes. Knihy se a\u017e do vyn\u00e1lezu knihtisku psaly v\u0161echny ru\u010dn\u011b, tak\u017ee jich bylo jen velmi m\u00e1lo. A ani po jeho vyn\u00e1lezu nenastala okam\u017eit\u011b kni\u017en\u00ed exploze, nebo\u0165 to nebylo zrovna levn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy se lid\u00e9 dozv\u00eddali \u00fastn\u011b, kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad jednou denn\u011b p\u0159i\u0161el na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed buben\u00edk, kter\u00fd oznamoval nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti.\u00a0\u00a0Pokud \u0161lo o nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak to se prov\u00e1d\u011blo na trz\u00edch. Pevn\u00e1 cena, jak to zn\u00e1me dnes, v\u00a0podstat\u011b neexistovala. Nam\u00edsto toho se v\u017edy prodejce se z\u00e1kazn\u00edkem dohadoval, kolik nakonec zaplat\u00ed. Tento zvyk ostatn\u011b st\u00e1le existuje nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Egypt\u011b. Jin\u00e1 mo\u017enost tehdy zkr\u00e1tka nebyla, kdy\u017e prakticky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ze z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f neum\u011bl \u010d\u00edst, a n\u011bco jako samoobsluha tak\u00e9 neexistovalo.\u00a0Dnes je v\u0161ak jin\u00e1 doba, dalo by se \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee doba informa\u010dn\u00ed. A jeliko\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b zrak je smyslem, kter\u00fdm informace vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1me nejv\u00edce, je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee je nutn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt pr\u00e1v\u011b ten. Z\u00a0tohoto d\u016fvodu se dnes bez schopnosti \u010d\u00edst a ps\u00e1t zkr\u00e1tka neobejdeme, a ani na\u0161e d\u011bti. Nav\u00edc bylo dok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee gramotnost populace m\u00e1 i vliv na ekonomiku, a to v\u00a0pozitivn\u00edm slova smyslu. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila po cel\u00e9m civilizovan\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.7\/5 - (3 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Je gramotnost pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1?","item":"https:\/\/www.kalf.cz\/je-gramotnost-pro-bezneho-cloveka-dulezita\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]